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Urine osmolality in humans can range from approximately 50 to 1200 mOsm/kg, depending on whether the person has recently drunk a large quantity of water (the lower number) or has gone without water for a long time (the higher number). [2] Plasma osmolality with typical fluid intake often averages approximately 290 mOsm/kg H 2 O in humans. [2]
Hematuria can be classified according to visibility, anatomical origin, and timing of blood during urination. [1] [6]In terms of visibility, hematuria can be visible to the naked eye (termed "gross hematuria") and may appear red or brown (sometimes referred to as tea-colored), or it can be microscopic (i.e. not visible but detected with a microscope or laboratory test).
Reference ranges for urine tests are described below: Measurement Lower limit Upper limit Unit Urinary specific gravity: 1.003 [1] [2] 1.030 [1] [2] g/mL Urobilinogen:
Hemoglobinuria is a condition in which the oxygen transport protein hemoglobin is found in abnormally high concentrations in the urine. [1] The condition is caused by excessive intravascular hemolysis , in which large numbers of red blood cells (RBCs) are destroyed, thereby releasing free hemoglobin into the plasma . [ 2 ]
Urine may contain pus (a condition known as pyuria) as seen from a person with sepsis due to a urinary tract infection. Lower urinary tract infection is also referred to as a bladder infection. The most common symptoms are burning with urination and having to urinate frequently (or an urge to urinate) in the absence of vaginal discharge and ...
Charging your phone battery to 100% consistently can damage the life of the battery over the long term. Klaus Vedfelt via Getty Images
Urine electrolyte levels can be measured in a medical laboratory for diagnostic purposes. The urine concentrations of sodium , chlorine and potassium may be used to investigate conditions such as abnormal blood electrolyte levels, acute kidney injury , metabolic alkalosis and hypovolemia .
LOUISVILLE, Ky. — The death toll from widespread flooding and extreme weather that battered Kentucky earlier this month has increased to 22, officials announced Monday.. The latest confirmed ...