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The name Phan Rang or in modern Cham Pan(da)rang is an indigenous Chamized form of the original Sanskrit Pāṇḍuraṅga (another epithet for the Hindu god Vithoba). [3] It first appeared on Cham inscriptions around the tenth century as Paṅrauṅ or Panrāṅ, [4] and after that, it has been Vietnamese transliterated into Phan Rang. [5]
The Cham islands were used for transhipment to the mainland by the Cham. [9] Many architectural monuments dated to the 18th and 20th century are reported, which include the Than Yen Sao shrine built in 1843 at Bai Huong, and the Hai Tang Pagodas built in 1753 on the western hillside of Hon Lao. [ 6 ]
The leader of the cham is typically a musician, keeping time with a percussion instrument like cymbals, the one exception being Dramyin Cham, where time is kept using dramyin. The term "devil dance" was an early 20th century description of the performance, derived from Western perceptions of the costumes worn by performers.
Most Cham are now evenly split between being followers of Islam and Hinduism, with the majority of Central Vietnam Cham being Ahier and Bani, while the majority of Cambodian Chams and Mekong Delta Chams are Sunni Muslim (also called Cham Baruw, meaning "new Cham"), [181] though significant minorities of Mahayana Buddhists continue to exist.
Cham sculptors also created numerous lingas, phallic posts linked symbolically with Shiva (if the cross-section is a circle) or with the trimurti (if the post is segmented, consisting of a lower square section symbolic of Brahma, a middle octagonal section symbolic of Visnu, and a top circular section symbolic of Shiva). The ritual uses of the ...
Cham tradition says that the founder of the Cham state was Lady Po Nagar.She hailed from Khánh Hòa Province, in a peasant family in the mountains of Dai An.Spirits assisted her when she drifted on a piece of sandalwood to China, where she married a Chinese crown prince, the son of the Emperor of China, with whom she had two children.
The Dramyin Cham is notable among Cham dances as the lead dancer keeps time with a dramyin - a Himalayan folk music lute, and not a traditional percussion instrument like the cymbals. This is among the few instances of monastic music in the Himalayas where the use of a stringed instrument has been observed. [1] [2]
Cham Wings Airlines, a privately owned Syrian airline; Children's Hospital at Montefiore, in New York; Cham, an archaic spelling of Khan; Cham., taxonomic author abbreviation of German botanist Adelbert von Chamisso (1781–1838) Cham or Kopi Cham, Malaysian beverage of coffee and tea; CHAM! was a fictional J-Pop group in the animated film ...