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Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum (/ ˌ k ɑːr b ə ˈ r ʌ n d əm /), is a hard chemical compound containing silicon and carbon. A wide bandgap semiconductor , it occurs in nature as the extremely rare mineral moissanite , but has been mass-produced as a powder and crystal since 1893 for use as an abrasive .
Boron carbide, B 4 C, on the other hand, has an unusual structure which includes icosahedral boron units linked by carbon atoms. In this respect boron carbide is similar to the boron rich borides. Both silicon carbide (also known as carborundum) and boron carbide are very hard materials and refractory. Both materials are important industrially.
In materials science, the sol–gel process is a method for producing solid materials from small molecules. The method is used for the fabrication of metal oxides , especially the oxides of silicon (Si) and titanium (Ti).
Nikasil is short for nickel silicon carbide. Silicon carbide is a very hard ceramic (much harder than steel) that can be dissolved in nickel. The nickel silicon carbide solution can then be electroplated onto the aluminium cylinder bore. After the cylinders are plated, the Nikasil bores are diamond-honed to a plateau finish.
Methyltrichlorosilane is used as a reagent in silicon carbide epitaxy to introduce chloride in the gas phase. Chloride is used to reduce the tendency of silicon to react in the gas phase and thus to increase the growth rate of the process. [6] Methyltrichlorosilane is an alternative to HCl gas or to trichlorosilane.
Ceramics such as alumina, boron carbide and silicon carbide have been used in bulletproof vests to repel small arms rifle fire. Such plates are known commonly as ballistic plates. Similar material is used to protect cockpits of some military aircraft, because of the low weight of the material. Silicon nitride parts are used in ceramic ball ...
In its uncured state, silicone rubber is a highly adhesive gel or liquid. To convert it to a solid, it must be cured, vulcanized, or catalyzed.This is normally carried out in a two-stage process at the point of manufacture into the desired shape, and then in a prolonged post-cure process.
Silicon carbide was a useful material in jewelry making due to its abrasive properties, and this was the first commercial application of the Acheson process. [ 3 ] In the 1940s, first the Manhattan Project and then the Soviet atomic bomb project adopted Acheson process for nuclear graphite manufacturing (see details there).