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WireGuard uses only [7] UDP, [5] due to the potential disadvantages of TCP-over-TCP. [7] [11] [12] Tunneling TCP over a TCP-based connection is known as "TCP-over-TCP", and doing so can induce a dramatic loss in transmission performance due to the TCP meltdown problem. Its default server port is UDP 51820.
The authenticator checks the response against its own calculation of the expected hash value. If the values match, the authenticator acknowledges the authentication; otherwise it should terminate the connection. In PPP, the authenticator may send a new challenge at random intervals to the peer and repeats steps 1 through 3.
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol [4] and sessions are established with a three-way handshake using SYN packets and ended by sending a FIN notification. [5] The firewall can use these unique connection identifiers to know when to remove a session from the state table without waiting for a timeout.
20] In this example, the sender of a message runs it through a MAC algorithm to produce a MAC data tag. The message and the MAC tag are then sent to the receiver. The receiver in turn runs the message portion of the transmission through the same MAC algorithm using the same key, producing a second MAC data tag.
PAP authentication is only done at the time of the initial link establishment, and verifies the identity of the client using a two-way handshake. Client sends username and password. This is sent repeatedly until a response is received from the server. Server sends authentication-ack (if credentials are OK) or authentication-nak (otherwise) [2]
The client associates this session id with the server's IP address and TCP port, so that when the client connects again to that server, it can use the session id to shortcut the handshake. In the server, the session id maps to the cryptographic parameters previously negotiated, specifically the "master secret".
Handshaking is a technique of communication between two entities. However, within TCP/IP RFCs, the term "handshake" is most commonly used to reference the TCP three-way handshake. For example, the term "handshake" is not present in RFCs covering FTP or SMTP. One exception is Transport Layer Security, TLS, setup, FTP RFC 4217.
The term half-open connection can also be used to describe an embryonic connection, i.e. a TCP connection that is in the process of being established. TCP has a three state system for opening a connection. First, the originating endpoint (A) sends a SYN packet to the destination (B). A is now in an embryonic state (specifically, SYN_SENT), and ...