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Methods of weld testing and analysis are used to assure the quality and correctness of the weld after it is completed. This term generally refers to testing and analysis focused on the quality and strength of the weld but may refer to technological actions to check for the presence, position, and extent of welds.
The AWS defines welding PQR as a record of welding variables used to produce an acceptable test weldment and the results of tests conducted on the weldment to qualify a Welding Procedure Specification. For steel construction (civil engineering structures) AWS D1.1 is a widely used standard.
Structural steel welding - Welding of steel structures AS/NZS 1554.2: Structural steel welding - Stud welding (steel studs to steel) AS/NZS 1554.3: Structural steel welding - Welding of reinforcing steel AS/NZS 1554.4: Structural steel welding - Welding of high strength quenched and tempered steels AS/NZS 1554.5
Many metals and thermoplastics can be welded, but some are easier to weld than others (see Rheological weldability). A material's weldability is used to determine the welding process and to compare the final weld quality to other materials. Weldability is often hard to define quantitatively, so most standards define it qualitatively.
The AISI 304 stainless steel has higher strength than the aluminum alloy. Hence, the formation of flashes was restricted to AA1050 aluminum only. [49] Rods Aluminium AA1050 and AISI 304 Stainless steel afret tensile test. [49] On this photo rupture occurring on aluminium site away from the bonding interface. Tungsten - steel weld. [50]
Metric threaded rods are marked on the end with a color code to define the ISO strength class. The color codes are: [9] Unmarked — 4.6 class (tensile strength = 400 N/mm 2, yield strength 240 N/mm 2) Yellow — 8.8 class (800 N/mm 2, 640 N/mm 2) Green — A2 stainless steel (304) Red — A4 stainless steel (316) White — 10.9 class (1000 N ...
The face of the weld is the outer visual or hypotenuse that you see when looking at a fillet weld. The legs are the other two sides of the triangular fillet weld. The leg length is usually designated as the size of the weld. The throat of the weld is the distance from the center of the face to the root of the weld.
The hardenability of a ferrous alloy is measured by a Jominy test: a round metal bar of standard size (indicated in the top image) is transformed to 100% austenite through heat treatment, and is then quenched on one end with room-temperature water. The cooling rate will be highest at the end being quenched, and will decrease as distance from ...