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The Genesis creation narrative is the creation myth [a] of both Judaism and Christianity, [1] told in the Book of Genesis ch. 1–2. While the Jewish and Christian tradition is that the account is one comprehensive story, [2] [3] modern scholars of biblical criticism identify the account as a composite work [4] made up of two stories drawn from different sources.
Augustine also comments on the word "day" in the creation week, admitting the interpretation is difficult: But simultaneously with time the world was made, if in the world's creation change and motion were created, as seems evident from the order of the first six or seven days.
[3] [4] De Genesi ad litteram is divided into 12 books and discusses the seven days of creation (books 1–5), the second creation narrative and the Garden of Eden story (books 6–11), and the "Third Heaven" mentioned in 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 (book 12). [3]
According to Philo of Alexandria, an allegorical reader of the creation week in the tradition of the School of Alexandria, the six days do not constitute a reference to periods of time but instead reflect the necessity of expressing the chronological order of the order of creation using human numbers.
There is a kabbalistic tradition [4] that maintains that the seven days of creation in Genesis 1 correspond to seven millennia of the existence of natural creation. The tradition teaches that the seventh day of the week, Shabbat or the day of rest, corresponds to the seventh millennium (Hebrew years 6000–7000), the age of universal "rest" – the Messianic Era.
The Zohar also maintains that each of the seven days of creation in Genesis chapter one corresponds to one millennium of the existence of natural creation. [13] In this framework Shabbat (the day of rest), corresponds to the seventh millennium, the age of universal 'rest'—the Messianic Era.
Ussher further narrowed down the date by using the Jewish calendar to establish the "first day" of creation as falling on a Sunday near the autumnal equinox. [9] The day of the week was a backward calculation from the six days of creation with God resting on the seventh, which in the Jewish calendar is Saturday—hence, Creation began on a Sunday.
While the seven-day week in Judaism is tied to Creation account in the Book of Genesis in the Hebrew Bible (where God creates the heavens and the earth in six days and rests on the seventh; Genesis 1:1-2:3, [41] in the Book of Exodus, the fourth of the Ten Commandments is to rest on the seventh day, Shabbat, which can be seen as implying a ...