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A standard operating procedure (SOP) is a set of step-by-step instructions compiled by an organization to help workers carry out routine operations. [1] SOPs aim to achieve efficiency, quality output, and uniformity of performance, while reducing miscommunication and failure to comply with industry regulations .
Ke – Is used as an abbreviation for Cost of Equity (COE). Ke is the risk-adjusted, theoretical rate of return on a Company's invested excess capital obtained through external investment s. Among other things, the value of Ke and the Cost of Debt (COD) [ 6 ] enables management to arbitrate different forms of short and long term financing for ...
The operations manual is intended to remind employees of how to do their job. The manual is either a book or folder of printed documents containing the standard operating procedures, a description of the organisational hierarchy, contact details for key personnel and emergency procedures.
The Master of Business Administration (MBA or M.B.A.) is a master's degree in business administration with a significant focus on management. [11] The MBA degree originated in the United States in the early-20th century, [12] when the nation industrialized and companies sought scientific approaches to management.
A procedure is a document that instructs workers on executing one or more activities of a business process. [1] It describes the sequence of steps, and specifies for each step what needs to be done, often including when the procedure should be executed and by whom.
APICS defines S&OP as the "function of setting the overall level of manufacturing output (production plan) and other activities to best satisfy the current planned levels of sales (sales plan and/or forecasts), while meeting general business objectives of profitability, productivity, competitive customer lead times, etc., as expressed in the ...
Business process re-engineering (launched by Michael Hammer in 1993 [34]): a business management strategy focusing on the analysis and design of workflows and business processes within an organization. BPR seeks to help companies radically restructure their organizations by focusing on the ground-up design of their business processes.
Business process mapping refers to activities involved in defining what a business entity does, who is responsible, to what standard a business process should be completed, and how the success of a business process can be determined. The main purpose behind business process mapping is to assist organizations in becoming more effective.