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The First Apology was an early work of Christian apologetics addressed by Justin Martyr to the Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius.In addition to arguing against the persecution of individuals solely for being Christian, Justin also provides the Emperor with a defense of the philosophy of Christianity and a detailed explanation of contemporary Christian practices and rituals.
Because the text mentions Justin Martyr's First Apology, which was written sometime between AD 150-155, Dialogue with Trypho must have been written after it. The date of authorship has been suggested to have been written anywhere between 155-167, [9] with some scholars favoring 155–160, [10] [11] or even a more specific date, c. 160.
Justin, known posthumously as Justin Martyr (Greek: Ἰουστῖνος ὁ Μάρτυς, romanized: Ioustînos ho Mártys; c. AD 100 – c. AD 165), also known as Justin the Philosopher, was an early Christian apologist and philosopher. Most of his works are lost, but two apologies and a dialogue did survive.
The First Apology addressed to Antoninus Pius, his sons, and the Roman Senate; [31] A Second Apology of Justin Martyr addressed to the Roman Senate; The Discourse to the Greeks, [b] a discussion with Greek philosophers on the character of their gods; An Hortatory Address to the Greeks [c] (known now not to have been written by Justin); [34]
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Apologia prima (English: First Apology) (c. 150-155) by Justin Martyr [1] Apologia secunda (English: Second Apology) (c. 150-57) by Justin Martyr [2] Πρὸς Διόγνητον Ἐπιστολή (English: Epistle to Diognetus) (c. late 2nd century), author unknown [2] The Apology to Autolycus (c. 169–83) by Theophilus of Antioch [3]
In Chapter 46 of his First Apology, Justin Martyr went so far as to claim all logos-inspired pagans as Christians, even those who espoused nontheistic philosophies: We have been taught that Christ is the First-born of God, and we have suggested above that He is the logos of whom every race of men and women were partakers.
Justin Martyr (Justin the Martyr, also known as Justin of Caesarea) (100 – 165) was an early Christian apologist. His works represent the earliest surviving Christian apologies of notable size. Most of what is known about the life of Justin Martyr comes from his own writings. He was born at Flavia Neapolis (modern Nablus) in Palestine.