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In addition to the EIA code, the temperature coefficient of the capacitance dependence of class 1 ceramic capacitors is commonly expressed in ceramic names like "NP0", "N220" etc. These names include the temperature coefficient (α).
Temperature coefficients of some common capacitors Type of capacitor, dielectric material Temperature coefficient C/C 0 Application temperature range Ceramic capacitor class 1 paraelectric NP0: ± 30 ppm/K (±0.5%) −55 to +125 °C Ceramic capacitor class 2 ferroelectric X7R: ±15%: −55 to +125 °C Ceramic capacitor class 2, ferroelectric ...
In ceramic capacitors, this is caused by degradation of the dielectric. The type of dielectric, ambient operating and storage temperatures are the most significant aging factors, while the operating voltage usually has a smaller effect, i.e., usual capacitor design is to minimize voltage coefficient.
A temperature coefficient describes the relative change of a physical property that is associated with a given change in temperature. For a property R that changes when the temperature changes by dT , the temperature coefficient α is defined by the following equation:
Extra bands on ceramic capacitors identify the voltage rating class and temperature coefficient characteristics. [11] A broad black band was applied to some tubular paper capacitors to indicate the end that had the outer electrode; this allowed this end to be connected to chassis ground to provide some shielding against hum and noise pickup.
For capacitances following the (E3, E6, E12 or) E24 series of preferred values, the former ANSI/EIA-198-D:1991, ANSI/EIA-198-1-E:1998 and ANSI/EIA-198-1-F:2002 as well as the amendment IEC 60062:2016/AMD1:2019 to IEC 60062 define a special two-character marking code for capacitors for very small parts which leave no room to print any longer ...