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In electrical circuits, reactance is the opposition presented to alternating current by inductance and capacitance. [1] Along with resistance, it is one of two elements of impedance; however, while both elements involve transfer of electrical energy, no dissipation of electrical energy as heat occurs in reactance; instead, the reactance stores energy until a quarter-cycle later when the energy ...
Here , are the inductance and the capacitance of the first circuit, , are the inductance and the capacitance of the second circuit, and , are mutual inductance and mutual capacitance. Formulas (4) and (5) are known for a long time in theory of electrical networks. They represent values of inductive and capacitive coupling coefficients of the ...
Resonance occurs when an LC circuit is driven from an external source at an angular frequency ω 0 at which the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal in magnitude. The frequency at which this equality holds for the particular circuit is called the resonant frequency.
This equation also is a direct consequence of the linearity of Maxwell's equations. It is helpful to associate changing electric currents with a build-up or decrease of magnetic field energy. The corresponding energy transfer requires or generates a voltage.
The initial conditions are that the capacitor is at voltage, V 0, and there is no current flowing in the inductor. If the inductance L is known, then the remaining parameters are given by the following – capacitance: = , resistance (total of circuit and load):
It may be inductive = or capacitive =, where is the angular frequency of a magnetic current, is the magnetic inductiance of a circuit, is the magnetic capacitance of a circuit. The magnetic reactance of an undeveloped circuit with the inductance and the capacitance which are connected in series, is equal: x = x L − x C = ω L M − 1 ω C M ...
As a result, device admittance is frequency-dependent, and the simple electrostatic formula for capacitance, = , is not applicable. A more general definition of capacitance, encompassing electrostatic formula, is: [6]
Capacitive coupling is the transfer of energy within an electrical network or between distant networks by means of displacement current between circuit(s) nodes, induced by the electric field. This coupling can have an intentional or accidental effect. Capacitive coupling from high-voltage power lines can light a lamp continuously at low intensity.