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The geology of the Orkney islands in northern Scotland is dominated by the Devonian Old Red Sandstone (ORS). In the southwestern part of Mainland , this sequence can be seen to rest unconformably on a Moinian type metamorphic basement .
The assemblage of monumental Neolithic structures in Orkney is without parallel in the United Kingdom, and the Orkney Mainland provides an entire landscape of features from this period. During this time, complex new societies came to the fore that were a radical departure from the earlier hunter-gatherers and which were capable of creating ...
The Group comprises the Upper Eday Sandstone Formation, Eday Marl Formation, Middle Eday Sandstone Formation, Eday Flagstone Formation, Lower Eday Sandstone Formation and the Hoy Sandstone Formation laid down in the shallow Orcadian Basin during the Givetian stage of the Devonian period. The sediments vary from fluvial to lacustrine to lagoonal.
It contains numerous rhythmic sequences of mudstone, limestone, siltstone and sandstone of which there are 25 and 38 in the constituent lower and upper formations respectively. A conglomerate occurs at the base of the lower formation.
In 1564 Lord Robert Stewart, natural son of James V of Scotland, who had visited Kirkwall twenty-four years before, was made sheriff of Orkney and Shetland, and received possession of the estates of the udallers; in 1581 he was created earl of Orkney by James VI, the charter being ratified ten years later to his son Patrick, but after Patrick's ...
The Dwarfie Stane is the only chambered tomb in Orkney that is cut from stone rather than built from stones [5] and may be the only example of a Neolithic rock-cut tomb in Britain. [6] However, despite its unique construction, its plan is consistent with the so-called Orkney-Cromarty class of chambered tomb found throughout Orkney.
The Yesnaby Sandstone Group is a Devonian lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in west Mainland Orkney, Scotland. The name is derived from the locality of Yesnaby where the strata are exposed in coastal cliffs.
The Stone of Setter is an extremely tall sandstone monolith of irregular shape. It dates to the Late Neolithic or Early Bronze Age, probably around 2nd millennium BC. [ 3 ] It measures approximately 4.5 m (15 ft) in height, 2.1 m (6 ft 11 in) in width, and the stone varies in thickness from 0.9 m (2 ft 11 in) at the base to 0.35 m (1 ft 2 in ...