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WebSocket was first referenced as TCPConnection in the HTML5 specification, as a placeholder for a TCP-based socket API. [8] In June 2008, a series of discussions were led by Michael Carter that resulted in the first version of the protocol known as WebSocket. [9]
The WebSocket protocol is implemented in different web browsers, web servers, and run-time environments and libraries acting as clients or servers. The following is a table of different features of notable WebSocket implementations.
WAMP is a WebSocket subprotocol registered at IANA, [1] specified [2] to offer routed RPC and PubSub.Its design goal [3] is to provide an open standard for soft, real-time message exchange between application components and ease the creation of loosely coupled architectures based on microservices.
The WebSocket Protocol has two parts: a handshake to establish the upgraded connection, then the actual data transfer. First, a client requests a WebSocket connection by using the Upgrade: WebSocket and Connection: Upgrade headers, along with a few protocol-specific headers to establish the version being used and set up a handshake.
Lightstreamer implements a bi-directional transport based on standard Web protocols. This means it uses several underlying techniques (WebSocket, Comet, HTTP streaming, etc.) to provide the upper layers with a channel over which data can be exchanged in real-time with any client connected through the Web, even if protected by firewalls and proxies.
Socket.IO primarily uses the WebSocket protocol with polling as a fallback option, while providing the same interface. [5] Although it can be used simply as a wrapper for WebSockets, it provides many additional features such as heartbeats and timeouts. [5] It can be installed with the npm (Node Package Manager). [6]
Line 2 receives an incoming event, for example, HTTP request or WebSocket message. The await keyword is used because the operation is asynchronous. Line 4 asynchronously sends a response back to the client. In this case, it is a WebSocket communication.
Modern browsers will permit a script to connect to a WebSocket address without applying the same-origin policy. However, they recognize when a WebSocket URI is used, and insert an Origin: header into the request that indicates the origin of the script requesting the connection. To ensure cross-site security, the WebSocket server must compare ...