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This happens predominantly in tissues (especially muscle) that have high levels of the "A" isoform of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA), which predominantly converts pyruvate into lactate. The lactate is carried by the bloodstream to other tissues where it is converted back to pyruvate by the "B" isoform of LDH (LDHB).
Reaction catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase. Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate with concomitant interconversion of NADH and NAD +.It converts pyruvate, the final product of glycolysis, to lactate when oxygen is absent or in short supply, and it performs the reverse reaction during the Cori cycle in the liver.
16832 Ensembl ENSG00000111716 ENSMUSG00000030246 UniProt P07195 P16125 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001174097 NM_002300 NM_001315537 NM_008492 NM_001302765 NM_001316322 RefSeq (protein) NP_001167568 NP_001302466 NP_002291 NP_001289694 NP_001303251 NP_032518 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 21.64 – 21.76 Mb Chr 6: 142.44 – 142.45 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Lactate dehydrogenase B ...
High levels of uric acid often present as a consequence of elevated lactic acid in GSD I patients. When lactate levels are elevated, blood-borne lactic acid competes for the same kidney tubular transport mechanism as urate, limiting the rate which urate can be cleared by the kidneys into the urine.
Laboratory studies commonly used to investigate hemolytic anemia include blood tests for breakdown products of red blood cells, bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase, a test for the free hemoglobin binding protein haptoglobin, and the direct Coombs test (also called direct antiglobulin test or DAT) to evaluate complement factors and/or antibodies ...
Significantly increased serum lactate dehydrogenase levels and proteinuria may also be observed. [7] Renal angiography is still the gold standard, but CT renal angiography, CT angiography , and DMSA radioisotope scan can also be used to establish the diagnosis.
Congenital lactic acidosis can be suspected based on blood or cerebrospinal fluid tests showing high levels of lactate; the underlying genetic mutation can only be diagnosed with genetic testing. [ 1 ]
In cancer cells, major changes in gene expression increase glucose uptake to support their rapid growth. Unlike normal cells, which produce lactate only when oxygen is low, cancer cells convert much of the glucose to lactate even in the presence of adequate oxygen. This is known as the “Warburg Effect.”