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Surface movement radar (SMR) is used to detect aircraft and vehicles on the surface of an airport. It is used by air traffic controllers to supplement visual observations. It may also be used at night time and during low visibility to monitor the movement of aircraft and vehicles.
The Airport Movement Area Safety System (AMASS) visually and aurally prompts tower controllers to respond to situations which potentially compromise safety. AMASS is an add-on enhancement to the host Airport Surface Detection Equipment Model 3 (ASDE-3) radar that provides automated aural alerts to potential runway incursions and other hazards.
ICAO Doc 9830 defines A-SMGCS as follows: Advanced surface movement guidance and control system (A-SMGCS). A system providing routing, guidance and surveillance for the control of aircraft and vehicles in order to maintain the declared surface movement rate under all weather conditions within the aerodrome visibility operational level (AVOL) while maintaining the required level of safety.
It is a relocatable, solid-state, all-weather radar with dual-channel, frequency diversity, remote operator controls, and a dual beam tower mounted antenna. The radar provides controllers with range azimuth of aircraft within a 60 nautical mile radius. ASR 8 used a klystron as transmitters power amplifier stage with a load of 79 kV and 40A.
ASDE-X combines surface movement radar, multilateration and Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) surveillance to provide air traffic controllers with highly accurate, real-time position and identification information of aircraft and vehicles on the airport surface.
Some busier airports have surface movement radar (SMR), [15] such as ASDE-3, AMASS, or ASDE-X, designed to display aircraft and vehicles on the ground. These are used by ground control as an additional tool to control ground traffic, particularly at night or in poor visibility.
Pages in category "Radar" ... Surface movement radar; Surface-search radar; Synthetically thinned aperture radar; T. Tethered Aerostat Radar System; Tizard Mission;
Airport Surface Detection Equipment (surface movement radar) ASDE-X (Airport Surface Detection Equipment, Model X), an airport runway safety tool; ASDE-3—Airport Movement Area Safety System; Federación de Scouts-Exploradores de España; ASD Simplified Technical English; ASDEX Upgrade (Axially Symmetric Divertor Experiment)