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A trumpet-playing Toyota robot. The history of robots has its origins in the ancient world. During the Industrial Revolution, humans developed the structural engineering capability to control electricity so that machines could be powered with small motors. In the early 20th century, the notion of a humanoid machine was developed.
The origin of the word is the Old Church Slavonic rabota ' servitude ' (' work ' in contemporary Bulgarian, Macedonian and Russian), which in turn comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *orbh-. Robot is cognate with the German Arbeit ' work '. [79] [80] English pronunciation of the word has evolved relatively quickly since its introduction.
An original Roomba model robotic vacuum is in the collection of the National Museum of American History, which they note as the first successful domestic robot. [36] The robot vacuum is described as being able to change direction when it encounters an obstacle or infrared beam and is powered by a battery.
Karel Čapek's play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots) opened in London. This is the first use of the word "robot" in English. [44] 1920-1925 Wilhelm Lenz and Ernst Ising created and analyzed the Ising model (1925) [45] which can be viewed as the first artificial recurrent neural network (RNN) consisting of neuron-like threshold elements. [9]
Sailboat robots have also been developed in order to make measurements at the surface of the ocean. A typical sailboat robot is Vaimos. [116] Since the propulsion of sailboat robots uses the wind, the energy of the batteries is only used for the computer, for the communication and for the actuators (to tune the rudder and the sail).
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to robotics: . Robotics is a branch of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and computer science that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing.
It was the first real robot, in contrast to the super robots in earlier anime. In Japan, "robot anime" (known as "mecha anime" outside Japan) is one of the oldest genres in anime. [18] Robot anime is often tied in with toy manufacturers. Large franchises such as Gundam, Macross, Transformers, and Zoids have hundreds of different model kits.
A domestic robot or homebot is a type of service robot, an autonomous robot that is primarily used for household chores, but may also be used for education, entertainment or therapy. While most domestic robots are simplistic, some are connected to Wi-Fi home networks or smart environments and are autonomous to a high degree.