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This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Hebrew on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Hebrew in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
Modern Hebrew has 25 to 27 consonants and 5 vowels [1], depending on the speaker and the analysis. Hebrew has been used primarily for liturgical, literary, and scholarly purposes for most of the past two millennia. As a consequence, its pronunciation was strongly influenced by the vernacular of individual Jewish communities. With the revival of ...
Closeup of Aleppo Codex, Joshua 1:1. Tiberian Hebrew is the canonical pronunciation of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) committed to writing by Masoretic scholars living in the Jewish community of Tiberias in ancient Galilee c. 750–950 CE under the Abbasid Caliphate.
Historically, it represented either a pharyngealized /sˤ/ or an affricate such as the modern Hebrew pronunciation or the Ge’ez ; [3] which became in Ashkenazi pronunciation. A geresh can also be placed after tsade ( צ׳ ; ץ׳ ), giving it the sound [ t͡ʃ ] (or, in a hypercorrected pronunciation, a pharyngealized [ ʃˤ ] ), e.g. צִ ...
In Hebrew orthography, niqqud or nikud (Hebrew: נִקּוּד, Modern: nikúd, Tiberian: niqqūḏ, "dotting, pointing" or Hebrew: נְקֻדּוֹת, Modern: nekudót, Tiberian: nəquddōṯ, "dots") is a system of diacritical signs used to represent vowels or distinguish between alternative pronunciations of letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
A Hebrew variant of the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, called the paleo-Hebrew alphabet by scholars, began to emerge around 800 BCE. [13] An example is the Siloam inscription (c. 700 BCE). [14] The paleo-Hebrew alphabet was used in the ancient kingdoms of Israel and Judah.
This offers no conclusive indication as to its pronunciation in Modern Hebrew; it is, however, relevant to the application of standard niqqud, e.g.: a בג״ד כפ״ת letter following a letter marked with a shva nacḥ must be marked with a dagesh qal (Modern Hebrew phonology sometimes disagrees with this linguistic prescription, as in ...
An example of the qamatz qatan is the Modern Hebrew word תׇּכְנִית (, "program"). According to the standard Hebrew spelling rules as published by the Academy of the Hebrew Language , words which have a qamatz qatan in their base form must be written without a vav , hence the standard vowel-less spelling of תׇּכְנִית is ...