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Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including osteomyelitis (bone) or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, acute otitis media (middle ear infections), and endocarditis. [5]
β-Lactam antibiotics are indicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. At first, β-lactam antibiotics were mainly active only against gram-positive bacteria, yet the recent development of broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics active against various gram-negative organisms has increased their usefulness.
It is an alternative treatment for Pneumocystis pneumonia together with clindamycin. [2] [3] It is taken by mouth. [2] Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and stomach cramps. [2] [4] Primaquine should not be given to people with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency due to the risk of red blood cell breakdown. [4]
Clindamycin: Cleocin: Serious staph-, pneumo-, and streptococcal infections in penicillin-allergic patients, also anaerobic infections; clindamycin topically for acne: Possible C. difficile-related pseudomembranous enterocolitis: Binds to 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomal RNA thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. Lincomycin: Lincocin ...
The Infectious Disease Society of America recommends vancomycin, linezolid, or clindamycin (if susceptible) for treating those with MRSA pneumonia. [4] Ceftaroline , a fifth-generation cephalosporin, is the first beta-lactam antibiotic approved in the US to treat MRSA infections in skin and soft tissue or community-acquired pneumonia.
There is an association between pneumococcal pneumonia and influenza. [6] Damage to the lining of the airways (respiratory epithelium) and upper respiratory system caused by influenza may facilitate pneumococcal entry and infection. Other risk factors include smoking, injection drug use, hepatitis C, and COPD. [5]
Erythromycin or clindamycin should not be used for treatment in penicillin-allergic patients unless susceptibility of the infecting GBS isolate to these agents is documented. Gentamicin plus penicillin (for antibiotic synergy) in patients with life-threatening GBS infections may be used. [127] [128] [129]
However, some antibiotics have been associated with a wide extent of adverse side effects ranging from mild to very severe depending on the type of antibiotic used, the microbes targeted, and the individual patient. [45] [46] Side effects may reflect the pharmacological or toxicological properties of the antibiotic or may involve ...