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ggplot2 is an open-source data visualization package for the statistical programming language R.Created by Hadley Wickham in 2005, ggplot2 is an implementation of Leland Wilkinson's Grammar of Graphics—a general scheme for data visualization which breaks up graphs into semantic components such as scales and layers. ggplot2 can serve as a replacement for the base graphics in R and contains a ...
Violin plots are similar to box plots, except that they also show the probability density of the data at different values, usually smoothed by a kernel density estimator.A violin plot will include all the data that is in a box plot: a marker for the median of the data; a box or marker indicating the interquartile range; and possibly all sample points, if the number of samples is not too high.
CLD facilitates the identification of variables, or factors, that have statistically different means (or averages) vs. the ones that do not have statistically different means (or averages). The basic technique of compact letter display is to label variables by one or more letters, so that variables are statistically indistinguishable if and ...
R: TraMineR [5] with its extension TraMineRextras [6] is probably the most comprehensive SA toolkit; ggseqplot, [154] provides ggplot versions of most TraMineR plots; seqhandbook [155] provides several specific tools such as heat maps of sequence data and the GIMSA method for measuring dissimilarities between multidomain sequences; seqimpute ...
gnuplot is a command-line and GUI program that can generate two- and three-dimensional plots of functions, data, and data fits.The program runs on all major computers and operating systems (Linux, Unix, Microsoft Windows, macOS, FreeDOS, and many others). [3]
Heteroscedasticity often occurs when there is a large difference among the sizes of the observations. A classic example of heteroscedasticity is that of income versus expenditure on meals. A wealthy person may eat inexpe
Vector Markup Language (VML) is an obsolete XML-based file format for two-dimensional vector graphics.It was specified in Part 4 of the Office Open XML standards ISO/IEC 29500 and ECMA-376.
dplyr is an R package whose set of functions are designed to enable dataframe (a spreadsheet-like data structure) manipulation in an intuitive, user-friendly way. It is one of the core packages of the popular tidyverse set of packages in the R programming language. [1]