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Decongestants are often used in conjunction with cold medications or to combat pregnancy rhinitis in pregnant women. Common decongestants include pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine . [ 14 ] Pseudoephedrine is an alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist that enacts a vasoconstrictive effect to reduce airflow resistance in the nasal cavity and allow ...
Decongestants are available in oral and intranasal forms. Naphazoline and oxymetazoline are common topical (intranasal) decongestants, whilst pseudoephedrine is the most common example of oral decongestant used to reduce nasal congestion. Topical decongestants have a faster onset of action compared with oral ones. [12] Side effects
[4] [5] Use is not recommended during pregnancy. [2] Xylometazoline is in the decongestant and alpha-adrenergic agonist families of medication. [5] [6] One study classified it with selectivity ratios in alpha 2 adrenergic receptors of 151 for a2A vs a2B, 4.5 a2A vs a2C, and 33.9 a2B vs a2C. Making it a highly selective a2A agonist. [7]
A decongestant, or nasal decongestant, is a type of pharmaceutical drug that is used to relieve nasal congestion in the upper respiratory tract. The active ingredient in most decongestants is either pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine (the latter of which has disputed effectiveness ).
Pseudoephedrine is the most common oral decongestant alternative, but since it has potential for abuse, you’ll likely need to ask a pharmacist for help accessing it behind the counter.
After an FDA advisory committee said the decongestant phenylephrine, an ingredient found in many oral cold and flu medications, is ineffective, experts weigh in on alternatives.
Rhinitis medicamentosa (or RM, also known as rebound congestion) is a condition of rebound nasal congestion suspected to be brought on by extended use of topical decongestants (e.g., oxymetazoline, phenylephrine, xylometazoline, and naphazoline nasal sprays) and certain oral medications (e.g., sympathomimetic amines and various 2-imidazolines) that constrict blood vessels in the lining of the ...
Phenylpropanolamine (PPA), sold under many brand names, is a sympathomimetic agent which is used as a decongestant and appetite suppressant. [9] [1] [10] [11] It was previously commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations. The medication is taken by mouth. [4] [12]