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Paul's influence on Christian thinking is considered to be more significant than that of any other New Testament author. [3] According to Krister Stendahl, the main concern of Paul's writings on Jesus' role, and salvation by faith, is not the individual conscience of human sinners, and their doubts about being chosen by God or not, but the problem of the inclusion of Gentile (Greek) Torah ...
As a peripheral group of Palestinian Judaism, the early church of Jerusalem was severely affected by the intensifying conflicts between parts of the Jewish population and the Roman occupation. When Paul delivered his collection in Jerusalem, he found a large Jewish-Christian community that kept its distance from him.
Paul's Jewish name was "Saul" (Hebrew: שָׁאוּל, Modern: Sha'ûl, Tiberian: Šā'ûl), perhaps after the biblical King Saul, the first king of Israel and, like Paul, a member of the Tribe of Benjamin; the Latin name Paulus, meaning small, was not a result of his conversion as is commonly believed but a second name for use in communicating ...
The Jerusalem Church was an early Christian community located in Jerusalem, of which James the Just, the brother of Jesus, and Peter were leaders. Paul was affiliated with this community. [34] Paul and Barnabas were sent from Antioch to confer with the Jerusalem Church over whether Gentile Christians need to keep the Jewish Law and be circumcised.
Pagels, Elaine The Gnostic Paul: Gnostic Exegesis of the Pauline Letters Fortress Press 1975 ISBN 978-1-56338-039-6; Pietersen, Lloyd K. Polemic of the Pastorals: A Sociological Examination of the Development of Pauline Christianity 2004; Sanders, E. P. Jesus and Judaism 1987 ISBN 0-8006-2061-5; Sanders, E. P. Paul the Law and the Jewish People ...
While most scholars agree that Peter died in Rome, it is generally accepted that there was a Christian community in Rome before either Peter or Paul arrived there. [119] The Catholic Church draws an analogy between Peter's seeming primacy among the Twelve in New Testament texts such as Matthew 16:17–19 , Luke 22:32 , and John 21:15–17 and ...
Paul was in contact with the early Christian community in Jerusalem, led by James the Just. [172] According to Mack, he may have been converted to another early strand of Christianity, with a High Christology. [173] Fragments of their beliefs in an exalted and deified Jesus, what Mack called the "Christ cult," can be found in the writings of Paul.
While the church in Rome was already flourishing when Paul wrote his Epistle to the Romans to them from Corinth (c. 58) [123] he attests to a large Christian community already there [120] and greets some fifty people in Rome by name, [124] but not Peter, whom he knew.