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Hydroxybenzotriazole (abbreviated HOBt) is an organic compound that is a derivative of benzotriazole.It is a white crystalline powder, which as a commercial product contains some water (~11.7% wt as the HOBt monohydrate crystal).
The activated intermediate species attacked by the amine during aminolysis is the HOBt ester. To create the HOBt ester, the carboxyl group of the acid attacks the imide carbonyl carbon of HBTU. Subsequently, the displaced anionic benzotriazole N-oxide attacks of the acid carbonyl, giving the tetramethyl urea byproduct and the activated ester.
It is an adaptation of an older method for the formation of amides by means of DCC (dicyclohexylcarbodiimide) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBT). [2] [3] Steglich overview. This reaction generally takes place at room temperature. A variety of polar aprotic solvents can be used. [4]
HATU was first reported by Louis A. Carpino in 1993 as an efficient means of preparing active esters derived from 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt). [2] HATU is commonly prepared from HOAt and TCFH under basic conditions [3] and can exist as either the uronium salt (O-form) or the less reactive iminium salt (N-form).
HCTU is an amidinium coupling reagent used in peptide synthesis.It is analogous to HBTU. [1] The HOBt moiety has a chlorine in the 6 position which improves reaction rates and the synthesis of difficult couplings [2] [3] HCTU and related reagents containing the 6-chloro-1-hydroxybenzotriazole moiety can be prepared by reaction with TCFH under basic conditions. [4]
PyAOP ((7-Azabenzotriazol-1-yloxy)tripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate) is a reagent used to prepare amides from carboxylic acids and amines in the context of peptide synthesis. [1] It can be prepared from 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt) and a chlorophosphonium reagent under basic conditions. [ 2 ]
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1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt) is a triazole used as a peptide coupling reagent. [2] It suppresses racemization that can otherwise occur during the reaction. [3] HOAt has a melting point of 213-216 °C. [4]