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Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the tetracycline class used in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria and certain parasites. [1] It is used to treat bacterial pneumonia, acne, chlamydia infections, Lyme disease, cholera, typhus, and syphilis. [1]
Tetracyclines are generally used in the treatment of infections of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, and the intestines and are also used in the treatment of chlamydia, especially in patients allergic to β-lactams and macrolides; however, their use for these indications is less popular than it once was due to widespread development of resistance in the causative organisms.
Atypical bacteria causing pneumonia are Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydophila pneumoniae (), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (), and Legionella pneumophila.. The term "atypical" does not relate to how commonly these organisms cause pneumonia, how well it responds to common antibiotics or how typical the symptoms are; it refers instead to the fact that these organisms have atypical or absent cell wall ...
It is used as a precursor in the industrial synthesis of doxycycline hyclate. [citation needed] It has been found to act as an agonist of the human pregnane X receptor ligand-binding domain and to induce CYP3A4 expression in vitro. [1]
A hyclate (Latin: hyclas) is a pharmaceutical term for hydrochloride hemiethanolate hemihydrate [1] [2] (·HCl· 1 / 2 EtOH· 1 / 2 H 2 O), e.g ...
In the United States, a heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV 7) (Prevnar) was recommended for all children aged 2–23 months and for at-risk children aged 24–59 months in 2000. The normal four-dose series is given at 2, 4, 6, and 12–14 months of age.
Prevnar vaccine. Prevnar 20 (PCV20) is the third version of a vaccine produced by the Wyeth subsidiary of Pfizer.In April 2023, the FDA approved Prevnar 20 for the prevention of invasive disease caused by the 20 different serotypes of S. pneumoniae contained in the vaccine (serotypes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 8, 9V, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15B, 18C, 19A, 19F, 22F, 23F, and 33F) for individuals 6 ...
Other side effects include poor tooth development if used by children less than eight years of age, kidney problems, and sunburning easily. [3] Use during pregnancy may harm the baby. [3] It works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. [3] Tetracycline was patented in 1953 [6] and was approved for prescription use in 1954.