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PHRF is used mainly for larger sailboats (i.e., 7 meters and above). For dinghy racing, the Portsmouth yardstick handicapping system is more likely to be used. The handicap number assigned to a class of yachts is based on the yacht's speed relative to a theoretical yacht with a rating of 0.
[1] In the United States, the most common handicapping rule is the PHRF rule, developed and promoted by the United States Sailing Association. [2] While most other rules do not take past performance into account, PHRF differentiates itself by allowing skippers to request handicap reductions after a series of poor racing results.
Each class of boat is assigned a "Portsmouth Number", with fast boats having low numbers and slow ones high numbers—so, for example, in the case of two dinghies, a 49er might have a RYA-PY of 697 while a Mirror has a RYA-PY of 1390 (these are the actual RYA Portsmouth numbers for 2018, but note that adjustments are made each year).
A velocity prediction program (VPP) is a computer program which solves for the performance of a sailing yacht in various wind conditions by balancing hull and sail forces. VPPs are used by yacht designers, boat builders, model testers, sailors, sailmakers, also America's Cup teams, to predict the performance of a sailboat before it has been built or prior to major modifications.
For sailing downwind the design may be equipped with a symmetrical spinnaker of 1,572 sq ft (146.0 m 2). [ 7 ] The design has a hull speed of 8.06 kn (14.93 km/h) and a PHRF handicap of 81 for the shoal draft model.
The Ranger 26 won the North American IOR 1/2 Ton Cup in 1970 and is still competitive today in PHRF. The Ranger 23 came in second in the North American IOR 1/4 Ton Cup in 1972 even though she wasn't designed to the IOR Rule. The Ranger 23 also won the Whitney Series in 1972, and is still very competitive in PHRF handicap racing.
In a 2018 article, Scuttlebutt Sailing News noted, "considered a lovely boat to sail, this state-of-the-art offshore one design quickly became an international attraction." [ 12 ] In a 2021 article in Yachting World yacht designer Mark Mills named the design his choice for the "world's coolest yacht".
Swan 391 flying its spinnaker. The Swan 391 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of glassfibre, with wood trim.It has a masthead sloop rig, a raked stem, a reverse transom, an internally mounted spade-type rudder controlled by a wheel and a fixed fin keel or optional shoal-draft keel.