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This is best illustrated by an equilibrium equation. acid + base ⇌ conjugate base + conjugate acid. With an acid, HA, the equation can be written symbolically as: + + + The equilibrium sign, ⇌, is used because the reaction can occur in both forward and backward directions (is reversible).
Phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid, monophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing solid, and inorganic compound with the chemical formula H 3 P O 4.
Likewise, tripolyphosphoric acid H 5 P 3 O 10 yields at least five anions [H 5−k P 3 O 10] k−, where k ranges from 1 to 5, including tripolyphosphate [P 3 O 10] 5−. Tetrapolyphosphoric acid H 6 P 4 O 13 yields at least six anions, including tetrapolyphosphate [P 4 O 13] 6−, and so on. Note that each extra phosphoric unit adds one extra ...
Solid monoammonium phosphate can be considered stable in practice for temperatures up to 200 °C, when it decomposes into gaseous ammonia NH 3 and molten phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4. [9] At 125 °C the partial pressure of ammonia is 0.05 mm Hg. [10] A solution of stoichometric monoammonium phosphate is acidic (pH 4.7 at 0.1% concentration, 4.2 at ...
A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities are on the right-hand side with a plus sign between the entities in both the reactants and the products, and an arrow that points towards the products to show the direction of the reaction. [1]
The standard Gibbs free energy of formation (G f °) of a compound is the change of Gibbs free energy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state from its constituent elements in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 1 bar of pressure and the specified temperature, usually 298.15 K or 25 °C).
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is an Arrhenius base because it dissociates the hydroxide ion when it is dissolved in water. [ 3 ] Aqueous solutions may contain, especially in the alkaline zone or subjected to radiolysis, hydrated atomic hydrogen and hydrated electrons .
A typical titration curve of a diprotic acid, oxalic acid, titrated with a strong base, sodium hydroxide.Both equivalence points are visible. Titrations are often recorded on graphs called titration curves, which generally contain the volume of the titrant as the independent variable and the pH of the solution as the dependent variable (because it changes depending on the composition of the ...