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In the metric system, the mass per unit area of all types of paper and paperboard is expressed in terms of grams per square metre (g/m 2). This quantity is commonly called grammage in both English and French , [ 2 ] though printers in most English-speaking countries still refer to the " weight " of paper.
It has the height of Canadian P4 paper (215 mm × 280 mm, about 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 11 in) and the width of international A4 paper (210 mm × 297 mm or 8.27 in × 11.69 in), i.e. it uses the smaller value among the two for each side. The table shows how this format can be generalized into an entire format series.
A paper for air filters needs to be very porous and have a weight of 100–200 g/m 2. Normally particularly long fibrous pulp that is mercerised is used to get these properties. The paper is normally impregnated to improve the resistance to moisture. [1]: 113 Some heavy duty qualities are made to be rinsed and thereby extend the life of the filter.
A2 is half the size of a sheet of A1, and so forth. Common sizes used in the office and the home are A4 and A3 (A3 is the size of two A4 sheets). The density of paper ranges from 250 kg/m 3 (16 lb/cu ft) for tissue paper to 1 500 kg/m 3 (94 lb/cu ft) for some specialty paper.
The density can be calculated by dividing the grammage of paper (in grams per square metre or "gsm") by its caliper (usually in micrometres, occasionally in mils). [1] The "ISO 534:2011, Paper and board — Determination of thickness, density and specific volume" indicates that the paper density is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm ...
An overview of ranges of mass. To help compare different orders of magnitude, the following lists describe various mass levels between 10 −67 kg and 10 52 kg. The least massive thing listed here is a graviton, and the most massive thing is the observable universe.
In December 1976, Indah Kiat was formed as a joint venture between CV Berkat (an Indonesian company), Chung Hwa Pulp Corporation, and Yuen Foong Yu Paper Manufacturing Company. Sinar Mas acquired 67 per cent of the venture's total shares. [3] Tjiwi Kimia was listed on the Jakarta and Surabaya Stock Exchanges beginning in 1990.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has found that recycling causes 35% less water pollution and 74% less air pollution than making virgin paper. [19] Pulp mills can be sources of both air and water pollution, especially if they are producing bleached pulp. Modern mills produce considerably less pollution than those of a few ...