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This particular function is considered a scaffold's most basic function. Scaffolds assemble signaling components of a cascade into complexes. This assembly may be able to enhance signaling specificity by preventing unnecessary interactions between signaling proteins, and enhance signaling efficiency by increasing the proximity and effective concentration of components in the scaffold complex.
In bacteriophage, scaffolding proteins B and D are responsible for procapsid formation. 240 copies of protein D form the external scaffold, while 60 copies of protein B form the internal scaffold. [1] The role of scaffolding protein D is in the production of viral single-stranded RNA.
Typically, phosphorylation of the C-terminal region of CAS proteins by FAK or PTK2B creates a binding site for the SH2 domain of a SRC-family protein, which then hyper-phosphorylates the substrate domain, allowing the CAS protein to function as a scaffold [30] for other proteins including CRK proteins and C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange ...
The protein SHC1 also acts as a scaffold protein which is used in cell surface receptors. [7] The three proteins that SHC1 codes for have distinctly different molecular weights. [8] All three SHC1 proteins share the same domain arrangement consisting of an N-terminal phosphotyrosine-binding(PTB) domain and a C-terminal Src-homology2(SH2) domain.
the description of scaffold-attachment elements (SARs) by Laemmli and coworkers, which were thought to demarcate the borders of a given chromatin domain [2] the characterization of matrix-associated regions (MARs) the first examples of which supported the immunoglobulin kapp-chain enhancer according to its occupancy with transcription factors [ 3 ]
Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1 (IQGAP1) also known as p195 is a ubiquitously expressed protein that in humans is encoded by the IQGAP1 gene. [5] [6] [7] IQGAP1 is a scaffold protein involved in regulating various cellular processes ranging from organization of the actin cytoskeleton, transcription, and cellular adhesion to regulating the cell cycle.
Most notably, 4 subunits of yeast APC/C consist almost entirely of multiple repeats of the 34 amino acid tetratricopeptide residue (TPR) motif. These TPR subunits, Cdc16, [9] Cdc27, [10] Cdc23, and Apc5, mainly provide scaffolding and support to mediate other protein-protein interactions. Cdc27 and Cdc23 have been shown to support the binding ...
SCRIB, also known as Scribble, SCRIBL, or Scribbled homolog (Drosophila), is a scaffold protein which in humans is encoded by the SCRIB gene. [5] [6] It was originally isolated in Drosophila melanogaster in a pathway (also known as the Scribble complex) with DLGAP5 (Discs large) and LLGL1 (Lethal giant larvae) as a tumor suppressor. [7]