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  2. Packet Tracer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_Tracer

    Packet Tracer is a cross-platform visual simulation tool designed by Cisco Systems that allows users to create network topologies and imitate modern computer networks. The software allows users to simulate the configuration of Cisco routers and switches using a simulated command line interface.

  3. Path MTU Discovery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_MTU_Discovery

    Then, similar to IPv4, any device along the path whose MTU is smaller than the packet will drop the packet and send back an ICMPv6 Packet Too Big (Type 2) message containing its MTU, allowing the source host to reduce its path MTU appropriately. The process is repeated until the MTU is small enough to traverse the entire path without fragmentation.

  4. IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6_Routing_Protocol_for...

    RPL [1] (Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks) is a routing protocol for wireless networks with low power consumption and generally susceptible to packet loss. It is a proactive protocol based on distance vectors and operates on IEEE 802.15.4 , [ 2 ] optimized for multi-hop and many-to-one communication, but also supports one-to ...

  5. Wildcard mask - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildcard_mask

    To indicate what IP addresses should be permitted or denied in access control lists (ACLs). A wildcard mask can be thought of as an inverted subnet mask. For example, a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 2) inverts to a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.255 (00000000.00000000.00000000.11111111 2).

  6. Network address translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation

    If a packet is sent to 203.0.113.1 by a computer at 192.168.1.100, the packet would normally be routed to the default gateway (the router) [e] A router with the NAT loopback feature detects that 203.0.113.1 is the address of its WAN interface, and treats the packet as if coming from that interface. It determines the destination for that packet ...

  7. Maximum transmission unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_transmission_unit

    Ethernet II MTU (1500) less PPPoE header (8) and IPv6 header (40) PPPoE jumbo frames 1493–9190 or more [13] Ethernet Jumbo Frame MTU (1501–9198) less PPPoE header (8) IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi (WLAN) 2304 [14] The maximum MSDU size is 2304 before encryption. WEP will add 8 bytes, WPA-TKIP 20 bytes, and WPA2-CCMP 16 bytes.

  8. Multicast address - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast_address

    The 232.0.0.0 / 8 (IPv4) and ff3x:: / 32 (IPv6) blocks are reserved for use by source-specific multicast. GLOP [ 13 ] The 233.0.0.0 / 8 range was originally assigned as an experimental, public statically-assigned multicast address space for publishers and Internet service providers that wished to source content on the Internet. [ 14 ]

  9. Interpacket gap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpacket_gap

    The standard minimum interpacket gap for transmission is 96 bit times (the time it takes to transmit 96 bits of data on the medium). The time is measured from the end of the frame check sequence of one frame to the start of the preamble for the next.