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Hebrew cantillation, trope, trop, or te'amim is the manner of chanting ritual readings from the Hebrew Bible in synagogue services. The chants are written and notated in accordance with the special signs or marks printed in the Masoretic Text of the Bible, to complement the letters and vowel points .
Cantillation is the ritual chanting of prayers and responses. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It often specifically refers to Jewish Hebrew cantillation . Cantillation sometimes refers to diacritics used in texts that are to be chanted in liturgy .
The Shalshelet (Hebrew: שַלְשֶלֶת) is a cantillation mark found in the Torah. It is one of the rarest used, occurring just four times in the entire Torah, [1] in Genesis 19:16, 24:12, and 39:8, and in Leviticus 8:23. The four words accented with the shalshelet mark all occur at the beginning of the verse. [2]
Zarqa / tsinnor is a distinctive cantillation symbol both on the 21 books and the 3 books, while tsinnorit appears only on the 3 books, and always combined with a second mark (merkha or mahapakh) to form a conjunctive symbol (called merkha metsunneret and mahpakh metsunnar, respectively). Note that both marks have been wrongly named by Unicode.
Zakef Katan (Hebrew: זָקֵף קָטָ֔ן, lit. 'upright small'; various romanizations [1]), often referred to simply as katan, is a cantillation mark commonly found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible.
Revia (Hebrew: רְבִיעַ, [r ə viaʕ]) is a cantillation mark commonly found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other biblical texts.. It is commonly explained as being the Aramaic equivalent of Hebrew רְבִיעִי Revi'i, meaning 'fourth' or 'quarter'., [1] and for that reason is sometimes called Revi'i.
Darga (Hebrew: דַּרְגָּא) is a cantillation mark commonly found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books. The symbol for the darga resembles a backwards Z. [1] The darga is usually followed by a Tevir. [2] It is most often found in places where a Tevir clause has two words which are closely related. [3]
Mahpach (Hebrew: מַהְפַּךְ, with variant English spellings) is a common cantillation mark found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. It is part of the Katan group, and it frequently begins the group. The symbol for the Mahpach is <. [1] Mahpach is always followed by a pashta.