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[3] [4] Antichlors are very useful in the textile industry because bleaching of compounds using chlorine is a standard practice. However, the use of sodium bisulfite in the decomposition of excess hypochlorite can lead to harmful byproducts when it comes into contact with water at the concentrations present for industrial use. [4]
Sodium bisulfate, also known as sodium hydrogen sulfate, [a] is the sodium salt of the bisulfate anion, with the molecular formula NaHSO 4.Sodium bisulfate is an acid salt formed by partial neutralization of sulfuric acid by an equivalent of sodium base, typically in the form of either sodium hydroxide (lye) or sodium chloride (table salt).
Sodium sulfite can be prepared by treating a solution of sodium hydroxide with sulfur dioxide. When conducted in warm water, Na 2 SO 3 initially precipitates as a white solid. With more SO 2, the solid dissolves to give the disulfite, which crystallizes upon cooling. [2] SO 2 + 2 NaOH → Na 2 SO 3 + H 2 O
Aluminum amalgam (Al/Hg) may be used for the chemoselective reduction of α-sulfonylated carbonyl groups. Carboxylic acid derivatives, acetals, thioacetals, amines, alcohols, and isolated double bonds are all inert to Al/Hg. Selective desulfonylation may be carried out on β-hydroxy sulfones without reductive elimination.
Solutions of bisulfite are typically prepared by treatment of sulfur dioxide with aqueous base: [3] SO 2 + OH − → HSO − 3. HSO − 3 is the conjugate base of sulfurous acid, (H 2 SO 3). HSO − 3 is a weak acidic species with a pK a of 6.97. Its conjugate base is sulfite, SO 2− 3: HSO − 3 ⇌ SO 2− 3 + H +
The necessary α-halo sulfones are accessible through oxidation of the corresponding α-halo sulfides with peracids such as meta-chloroperbenzoic acid; oxidation of sulfides takes place selectively in the presence of alkenes and alcohols. α-Halo sulfides may in turn be synthesized through the treatment of sulfides with halogen electrophiles such as N-chlorosuccinimide or N-bromosuccinimide.
[4] The structure of the sulfite anion can be described with three equivalent resonance structures . In each resonance structure, the sulfur atom is double-bonded to one oxygen atom with a formal charge of zero (neutral), and sulfur is singly bonded to the other two oxygen atoms, which each carry a formal charge of −1, together accounting for ...
SO2, a staff officer of the second class, often a commissioned officer of lieutenant commander, major or squadron leader rank SO2, a London Metropolitan Police Specialist Operations command division Special Operations 2 – Operational, of the British, World War II Special Operations Executive