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Paul mentioned details in his letters such as that Jesus was a Jew, born of the line of David, and had biological brothers. [55] According to Simon Gathercole, Paul's description of Jesus's life on Earth, his personality, and family tend to establish that Paul regarded Jesus as a natural person, rather than an allegorical figure. [85]
Since historical sources on other named individuals from first century Galilee were written by either supporters or enemies, these sources on Jesus cannot be dismissed, and the existence of at least 14 sources from at least 7 authors means there is much more evidence available for Jesus than for any other notable person from 1st century Galilee.
[89] [42]: 67–69 Jesus is not mentioned by name, but there is a subtle attack on the virgin birth that refers to the illegitimate son of a Roman soldier Pantera (Ehrman says, "In Greek the word for virgin is parthenos"), and a reference to Jesus' miracles as "black magic" learned when he lived in Egypt (as a toddler). Ehrman writes that few ...
Tacitus is not the only non-Christian writer of the time who mentioned Jesus and early Christianity. The earliest known references to Christianity are found in Antiquities of the Jews , a 20-volume work written by the Jewish historian Titus Flavius Josephus around 93–94 AD, during the reign of emperor Domitian .
The first Christians were men and women who had known Jesus and who witnessed to his resurrection. [95] They were a Jewish sect with an apocalyptic eschatology. They regarded Jesus as Lord, resurrected messiah, and the eternally existing Son of God, [7] [96] [note 8] expecting the second coming of Jesus and the start of God's Kingdom. They ...
Jesus [d] (c. 6 to 4 BC – AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, [e] Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader. [10] He is the central figure of Christianity , the world's largest religion .
There have been a number of proposals as to the origin and etymological origin of the name Jesus. [16] The name is related to the Biblical Hebrew form Yehoshua`(יְהוֹשֻׁעַ ), which is a theophoric name first mentioned in the Bible in Exodus 17:9 referring to one of Moses' companions and his successor as leader of the Israelites.
Jesus came to be called "Jesus Christ" (meaning "Jesus the Khristós", i.e. "Jesus the Messiah" or "Jesus the Anointed") by Christians, who believe that his crucifixion and resurrection fulfill the messianic prophecies of the Old Testament, especially the prophecies outlined in Isaiah 53 and Psalm 22. [12]