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The oxidized form of the chlorine is molecular chlorine Cl 2, the reduced form is titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4). The oxidizing agent is molecular oxygen (O 2), the reducing agent is coke. Both must be fed into the process. The titanium is fed into the process in form of ore together with the coke. Titanium ore is a mixture of oxides.
It was invented in 1910 by Matthew A. Hunter, a chemist born in New Zealand who worked in the United States. [1] The process involves reducing titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4) with sodium (Na) in a batch reactor with an inert atmosphere at a temperature of 1,000 °C. Diluted hydrochloric acid is then used to leach the salt from the product. [2]
Rebellium is one of the constituent elements of the Dorcons space craft. Red mercury: Urban legend Hoax substance of uncertain composition purportedly used in making nuclear bombs. It appears in the films Red Mercury and Red 2. Redstone Minecraft "Perhaps the biggest stroke of genius in Minecraft". [67]
Smelting is a process of applying heat and a chemical reducing agent to an ore to extract a desired base metal product. [1] It is a form of extractive metallurgy that is used to obtain many metals such as iron , copper , silver , tin , lead and zinc .
A stream of titanium tetrachloride gas is added to a stream of molten sodium; the products (sodium chloride salt and titanium particles) is filtered from the extra sodium. Titanium is then separated from the salt by water washing. Both sodium and chlorine are recycled to produce and process more titanium tetrachloride. [78]
Salting out (also known as salt-induced precipitation, salt fractionation, anti-solvent crystallization, precipitation crystallization, or drowning out) [1] is a purification technique that utilizes the reduced solubility of certain molecules in a solution of very high ionic strength.
Isotope separation is the process of concentrating specific isotopes of a chemical element by removing other isotopes. The use of the nuclides produced is varied. The largest variety is used in research (e.g. in chemistry where atoms of "marker" nuclide are used to figure out reaction mechanisms).
In chemistry, fractional crystallization is a stage-wise separation technique that relies on the liquid–solid phase change. This technique fractionates via differences in crystallization temperature and enables the purification of multi-component mixtures, as long as none of the constituents can act as solvents to the others.