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The ancient Egyptian calendar – a civil calendar – was a solar calendar with a 365-day year. The year consisted of three seasons of 120 days each, plus an intercalary month of five epagomenal days treated as outside of the year proper.
The intercalary month or epagomenal days [1] of the ancient Egyptian, Coptic, and Ethiopian calendars are a period of five days in common years and six days in leap years in addition to those calendars' 12 standard months, sometimes reckoned as their thirteenth month.
The Coptic year is the extension of the ancient Egyptian civil year, retaining its subdivision into the three seasons, four months each. The three seasons are commemorated by special prayers in the Coptic Liturgy. This calendar is still in use all over Egypt by farmers to keep track of the various agricultural seasons. [6]
In the Roman period, the festival was also called The Day of the Opening of the Seasons (hrw n wn tr.w), the Feast of Eternity (ḥb nḥḥ), and the Feast of Everlastingness (ḥb ḏ.t). [ 1 ] It has been alleged that this festival influenced the New Year Festival held at Mankunduchi in Zanzibar, called Naoruz or Siku ya Mwaka. [ 7 ]
Hathor (Coptic: Ϩⲁⲑⲱⲣ, Hathōr), also known as Athyr (Ancient Greek: Ἀθύρ, Athýr) and Hatur [1] (Arabic: هاتور), is the third month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lies between November 10 and December 9 of the Gregorian calendar.
In the lunar calendar, each began on a dawn when the waning crescent moon was no longer visible. In the civil calendar, each consisted of exactly 30 days [3] divided into three 10-day weeks known as decans. In ancient Egypt, these months were usually recorded by their number within the season: I, II, III, and IV Ꜣḫt.
This is a list of calendars.Included are historical calendars as well as proposed ones. Historical calendars are often grouped into larger categories by cultural sphere or historical period; thus O'Neil (1976) distinguishes the groupings Egyptian calendars (Ancient Egypt), Babylonian calendars (Ancient Mesopotamia), Indian calendars (Hindu and Buddhist traditions of the Indian subcontinent ...
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