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The history of the cooperative movement concerns the origins and history of cooperatives across the world. Although cooperative arrangements, such as mutual insurance , and principles of cooperation existed long before, the cooperative movement began with the application of cooperative principles to business organization.
Arla Foods is a Swedish-Danish cooperative based in Aarhus, Denmark, and the largest producer of dairy products in Scandinavia.; Coop Norden (Coop Nordic) was a joint Scandinavian purchasing company that in 2007 dissolved and devolved to the constituent national cooperatives.
Purchasing Cooperative (or “Supply” or “Distribution” Cooperative), which are co-owned by member organizations, which consolidate into a group in order to aggregate demand (i.e., buy in bulk)—which reduces purchase costs. This may include everything from school supplies to medical supplies. (Example: HCDE Purchasing Cooperative)
At the outset, the Pioneers had a clear set of objects, as set out in "Law the First" of its rules: The objects and plans of the Society are to form arrangements for the pecuniary benefit, and improvement of the social and domestic condition of its members, by raising a sufficient amount of capital in shares of £1 each, to bring into operation the following plans and arrangements:
The best historical examples of this are the English CWS and the Scottish SCWS, which are the predecessors of the 21st century Co-operative Group. Indeed, in Britain, the terms Co-operative Wholesale Society and CWS are used to refer to this specific organisation rather than the organisational form.
A second common form of co-operative federation is a co-operative union, whose objective (according to Gide) is “to develop the spirit of solidarity among societies and... in a word, to exercise the functions of a government whose authority, it is needless to say, is purely moral.” [2] Co-operatives UK and the International Co-operative Alliance are examples of such arrangements.
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The cooperative idea and organization of the Danish cooperative movement has made a large and lasting impact on the farming and industrial sector in Denmark and has also inspired other groups to form cooperatives independently of the original movement. Notable examples of the legacy of the Danish cooperative movement includes the following: Dairies