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A galactagogue, or galactogogue (from Greek: γάλα [γαλακτ-], milk, + ἀγωγός, leading), also known as a lactation inducer or milk booster, is a substance that promotes lactation in humans and other animals. [1] [2] It may be synthetic, plant-derived, or endogenous. They may be used to induce lactation and to treat low milk supply.
A 2018 meta-analysis of five randomized controlled trials found that domperidone resulted in a moderate increase of in breast milk volume for mothers of preterm infants with insufficient milk supply. The analysis also indicated that domperidone was well tolerated with no significant difference in maternal adverse events compared to placebo. [35]
Pseudoephedrine may also suppress lactation, as it is known to cause low supply. [6] In the US. Spitz et al. [7] in a 100-year review of all available information concluded that there was nothing new or helpful to assist with the mammary involution or milk suppression process or to treat the pain or discomfort of severely engorged breasts.
Galactagogues increase milk supply, although even herbal variants carry risks. Non-pharmaceutical methods should be tried first, such as pumping out the mother's breast milk supply often, warming or massaging the breast, as well as starting milk pumping earlier after the child is born if they cannot drink milk at the breast. [41] [42] [43] [44]
The anti-inflammatory components in breast milk are those bioactive substances that confer or increase the anti-inflammatory response in a breastfeeding infant. [ 1 ] Anti-inflammatory Components of Breastmilk
The forceful spray of milk can cause the baby to consume too much milk too quickly as well as to swallow air during the period of rapid swallowing following the let-down. The speed of the flow of milk into the mouth can cause the baby to react with reduced nursing times and aversion to nursing often described by mothers as "fussiness ...
When the milk supply is more firmly established, autocrine (or local) control system begins. During this stage, the more that milk is removed from the breasts, the more the breast will produce milk. [9] [10] Research also suggests that draining the breasts more fully also increases the rate of milk production. [11]
Whereas D 2 receptor agonists suppress prolactin secretion, dopamine D 2 receptor antagonists like domperidone and metoclopramide have the opposite effect, strongly inducing the pituitary secretion of prolactin, and are sometimes used as prolactin releasers, for instance to correct hypoprolactinemia (low prolactin levels) in the treatment of lactation failure. [2]