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The main symptoms of brain ischemia involve impairments in vision, body movement, and speaking. The causes of brain ischemia vary from sickle cell anemia to congenital heart defects . Symptoms of brain ischemia can include unconsciousness, blindness, problems with coordination, and weakness in the body.
Sickle-cell anemia, which can cause blood cells to clump up and block blood vessels, can also lead to stroke. Stroke is the second leading cause of death in people under 20 with sickle-cell anemia. [53] Air pollution may also increase stroke risk. [54]
Ischemia is a vascular disease involving an interruption in the arterial blood supply to a tissue, organ, or extremity that, if untreated, can lead to tissue death. It can be caused by embolism, thrombosis of an atherosclerotic artery, or trauma. Venous problems like venous outflow obstruction and low-flow states can cause acute arterial ischemia.
Stress can also trigger a sickle cell crisis, so relaxation techniques like breathing exercises can help. [90] Pneumococcal infection is a leading cause of death among children with SCD; penicillin is recommended daily during the first 5 years of life in order to minimise the risk of infection. [91] [92]
Red blood cells normally survive an average of about 120 days, becoming damaged (their oxygen-carrying capacity becomes compromised) as they age.
The symptoms of a TIA can resolve within a few minutes, unlike a stroke. TIAs share the same underlying etiology as strokes; a disruption of cerebral blood flow. TIAs and strokes present with the same symptoms such as contralateral paralysis (opposite side of body from affected brain hemisphere), or sudden weakness or numbness.
Cerebral infarction, also known as an ischemic stroke, is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the brain (cerebral infarct). [1] In mid to high income countries, a stroke is the main reason for disability among people and the 2nd cause of death. [2]
Main symptoms that may appear in anemia [20] The hand of a person with severe anemia (on the left, with ring) compared to one without (on the right). A person with anemia may not have any symptoms, depending on the underlying cause, and no symptoms may be noticed, as the anemia is initially mild, and then the symptoms become worse as the anemia worsens.