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When referring to hypothetical future circumstance, there may be little difference in meaning between the first and second conditional (factual vs. counterfactual, realis vs. irrealis). The following two sentences have similar meaning, although the second (with the second conditional) implies less likelihood that the condition will be fulfilled:
A conditional sentence is a sentence in a natural language that expresses that one thing is contingent ... In conditional questions, ... 2nd person generalisations ...
A "second conditional" sentence expresses a hypothetical circumstance conditional on some other circumstance, referring to nonpast time. It uses the past tense (with the past subjunctive were optionally replacing was ) in the condition clause, and the conditional formed with would in the main clause:
(The second vowel of ἐάν (eán) is long, as appears from examples in Sophocles and Aristophanes.) [15] Conditional sentences of this kind are referred to by Smyth as the "more vivid" future conditions, and are very common. [16] In the following examples, the protasis has the present subjunctive, and the apodosis has the future indicative:
Modus ponens (sometimes abbreviated as MP) says that if one thing is true, then another will be. It then states that the first is true. The conclusion is that the second thing is true. [3] It is shown below in logical form. If A, then B A Therefore B. Before being put into logical form the above statement could have been something like below.
President Donald Trump has barreled into his second term. ... Send us your questions about Trump’s second term. Zachary Wolf, CNN. February 11, 2025 at 4:04 PM.
Second-person Singular ... (such as in questions; ... Another type of dependent clause with no subordinating conjunction is the conditional clause formed by inversion ...
Counterfactual conditionals (also contrafactual, subjunctive or X-marked) are conditional sentences which discuss what would have been true under different circumstances, e.g. "If Peter believed in ghosts, he would be afraid to be here."