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Cerebral atrophy is a common feature of many of the diseases that affect the brain. [1] Atrophy of any tissue means a decrement in the size of the cell, which can be due to progressive loss of cytoplasmic proteins. In brain tissue, atrophy describes a loss of neurons and the connections between them.
Neurodegenerative diseases include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple system atrophy, tauopathies, and prion diseases. Neurodegeneration can be found in the brain at many different levels of neuronal circuitry, ranging from molecular to systemic. [4]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 6 March 2025. Long-term brain disorders causing impaired memory, thinking and behavior This article is about the cognitive disorder. For other uses, see Dementia (disambiguation). "Senile" and "Demented" redirect here. For other uses, see Senile (disambiguation) and Demented (disambiguation). Medical ...
Brain atrophy from vascular dementia: Specialty: Psychiatry, neurology Symptoms: Cognitive impairment, short-term memory loss [3] Complications: Heart disease, loss of ability to care for self and interact, pneumonia [4] Causes: Conditions that impair blood vessels in the brain and therefore interfere with oxygen delivery to the brain [3] Risk ...
Subdural hygromas require two conditions in order to occur. First, there must be a separation in the layers of the Meninges of the brain. Second, the resulting subdural space that occurs from the separation of layers must remain uncompressed in order for CSF to accumulate in the subdural space, resulting in the hygroma. [1]
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation is a heterogenous group of inherited neurodegenerative diseases, still under research, in which iron accumulates in the basal ganglia, either resulting in progressive dystonia, parkinsonism, spasticity, optic atrophy, retinal degeneration, neuropsychiatric, or diverse neurologic abnormalities. [1]
This ultimately leads to neuronal death and brain atrophy. [6] 18% of Alzheimer neuropathological changes in cognitively normal and 5% of cognitively impaired elderly cases have been shown to display this pattern of degeneration. [7] Patients with severe PART typically exhibit mild cognitive impairment or an amnestic dementia. [2]
Aging is associated with many changes in the central nervous system, such as mild atrophy of the cortex, which is considered non-pathological. Aging is also associated with many neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , dementia , mild cognitive impairment , Parkinson's disease , and Creutzfeldt ...