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Occasional gastroesophageal reflux without troublesome symptoms or complications is even more common. [6] The classic symptoms of GERD were first described in 1925, when Friedenwald and Feldman commented on heartburn and its possible relationship to a hiatal hernia. [14]
These patients are usually older and have had GERD for a long time. Esophageal stricture can also be due to other causes, such as acid reflux from Zollinger–Ellison syndrome, trauma from a nasogastric tube placement, and chronic acid exposure in patients with poor esophageal motility from scleroderma. Other non-acid related causes of peptic ...
Acid peptic diseases, such as peptic ulcers, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease, are caused by distinct but overlapping pathogenic mechanisms involving acid effects on mucosal defense. Acid reflux damages the esophageal mucosa and may also cause laryngeal tissue injury, leading to the development of pulmonary ...
A hiatal hernia or hiatus hernia [2] is a type of hernia in which abdominal organs (typically the stomach) slip through the diaphragm into the middle compartment of the chest. [1] [3] This may result in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) with symptoms such as a taste of acid in the back of the mouth or heartburn.
Side-sleeping is also better for people with acid reflux. This occurs when acid from the stomach flows back up into the esophagus, which can cause heartburn, per the Cleveland Clinic .
Other possible symptoms include nausea and vomiting, bloating, loss of appetite and heartburn. [1] [2] Complications may include stomach bleeding, stomach ulcers, and stomach tumors. [1] When due to autoimmune problems, low red blood cells due to not enough vitamin B12 may occur, a condition known as pernicious anemia. [3]
While generally safe, myotomy procedures have potential complications, including: GERD: Common in esophageal myotomies, especially if fundoplication is not included. Esophageal perforation: Particularly a concern in endoscopic procedures like POEM. Infection and bleeding: Common issues in surgical procedures. [5]
Many potential complications of atherosclerosis can be life-threatening. They include the following. ... Heartburn. Indigestion. Shortness of breath. Nausea. Loss of consciousness. Sudden death ...