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Jean Baptiste André Dumas (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist ɑ̃dʁe dyma]; 14 July 1800 – 10 April 1884) was a French chemist, best known for his works on organic analysis and synthesis, as well as the determination of atomic weights (relative atomic masses) and molecular weights by measuring vapor densities.
Jean-Baptiste Dumas used the terms "physical atoms" and "chemical atoms"; a "physical atom" was a particle that cannot be divided by physical means such as temperature and pressure, and a "chemical atom" was a particle that could not be divided by chemical reactions. [26]
In February 1848, Alexandre Dumas (Gérard Depardieu) is at the height of his fame. He has withdrawn for a few days into the immense Château de Monte-Cristo near Le Port-Marly, that he is building. There he works with his collaborator, Auguste Maquet (Benoît Poelvoorde). If the books bear Dumas' name, the tiring work undertaken by Maquet is ...
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744–1829) – French naturalist, biologist and academic whose theories on evolution preceded those of Darwin; Johann von Lamont (1805–1879) – astronomer and physicist who studied the magnetism of the Earth and was the first to calculate the mass of Uranus
In 1834, French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas determined chloroform's empirical formula and named it: [26] "Es scheint mir also erweisen, dass die von mir analysirte Substanz, … zur Formel hat: C 2 H 2 Cl 6." (Thus it seems to me to show that the substance I analyzed … has as [its empirical] formula: C 2 H 2 Cl 6.). [Note: The coefficients of ...
He devised a systematic nomenclature for organic chemistry based on structural grouping of atoms within molecules to determine how the molecules combine in organic reactions. He studied under Jean-Baptiste Dumas as a laboratory assistant and worked with Charles Frédéric Gerhardt. He died in Paris from tuberculosis.
Jean Servais Stas: Ghent Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz: France Paris Anselme Payen: Antoine Bussy: Antoine Jérôme Balard: Auguste André Thomas Cahours: Charles Adolphe Wurtz: Edmond Frémy: Eugéne-Melchior Péligot: Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville: Henri Victor Regnault: Jean-Baptiste Boussingault: Jean-Baptiste Dumas: Louis ...
Many chemical syntheses and discoveries were published in Liebigs Annalen.Among these were Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff's discovery of caesium and its later isolation by Carl Setterberg, [2] Adolf Windaus' studies on the constitution of cholesterol and vitamins for which he was awarded the 1928 Nobel prize in Chemistry, [3] and many of Georg Wittig's publications, including the ...