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  2. Siphon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siphon

    Using piping of too great a diameter and then throttling the flow using valves or constrictive piping appears to increase the effect of previously cited concerns over gases or vapor collecting in the crest which serve to break the vacuum. If the vacuum is reduced too much, the siphon effect can be lost.

  3. Mariotte's bottle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariotte's_bottle

    A picture of a bottle with a gas inlet is shown in the works of Mariotte, [1] but this construction was made to show the effect of outside pressure on mercury level inside the bottle. It further misses a siphon or an outlet for the liquid.

  4. Backflow prevention device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backflow_prevention_device

    Back pressure can force an undesirable contaminant to enter potable water piping. Sources of back pressure may be boilers, heat exchanging equipment, power washing equipment, fire sprinklers, or pumps in the water distribution system. In some cases there may be an almost continuous risk of overcoming the static water pressure in the piping.

  5. Peeler centrifuge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peeler_centrifuge

    Siphon peeler centrifuge has similar structure to Krauss-Maffei horizontal peeler centrifuge, except instead of inner drum wall with pores, siphon peeler centrifuge has solid inner drum wall where the liquid filtered through solid cake and filter medium will flow along the wall axially and through siphon pipe into separate chamber unlike ...

  6. Venturi effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venturi_effect

    The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure that results when a moving fluid speeds up as it flows from one section of a pipe to a smaller section. The Venturi effect is named after its discoverer, the Italian physicist Giovanni Battista Venturi , and first published in 1797.

  7. Thermosiphon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermosiphon

    Thermosyphon circulation in a simple solar water heater (not a working model; there is no water supply to replenish the tank when the tap is used). A thermosiphon (or thermosyphon) is a device that employs a method of passive heat exchange based on natural convection, which circulates a fluid without the necessity of a mechanical pump.

  8. Water hammer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_hammer

    Effect of a pressure surge on a float gauge. Hydraulic shock (colloquial: water hammer; fluid hammer) is a pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly: a momentum change.

  9. Soxhlet extractor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soxhlet_extractor

    A Soxhlet extractor is a piece of laboratory apparatus [1] invented in 1879 by Franz von Soxhlet. [2] It was originally designed for the extraction of a lipid from a solid material. Typically, Soxhlet extraction is used when the desired compound has a limited solubility in a solvent, and the impurity is insoluble in that solvent. It allows for ...