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Independence Day (Malay: Hari Merdeka), also known as National Day (Hari Kebangsaan), is the independence day of the Federation of Malaya from the British Empire. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It commemorates the Malayan Declaration of Independence of 31 August 1957, and is defined in article 160 of the Constitution of Malaysia . [ 3 ]
Since independence, the event has been usually held at the Independence Square in Kuala Lumpur, the original site of the first independence parade held on 1 September 1957. There were also times where the celebrations were held on a smaller scale. In 2009, the national day parade was held at a small scale in the Parliament of Malaysia.
The day followed with the solemn installation of the first Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Tuanku Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan, at Jalan Ampang, and the first installation banquet in his honour in the evening followed by a beating retreat performance and a fireworks display. Sports events and other events marked the birth of the new nation.
The ancestors of the present-day population of Malaysia entered the area in multiple waves during prehistoric and historical times. [5] [6] Hinduism and Buddhism from India and China dominated early regional history, reaching their peak from the 7th to the 13th centuries during the reign of the Sumatra-based Srivijaya civilisation.
The National Principles (Malay: Rukun Negara; Jawi: روکون نݢارا ) is the Malaysian declaration of national philosophy instituted by royal proclamation on Merdeka Day, 1970, in reaction to the 13 May race riots, which occurred in 1969. [1]
National Day: Independence and the Constitution of Norway (17 May 1814). Independence Day: 7 June: 1905 Sweden: Union Dissolution and Independence Day (7 June 1905). Oman: National Day: 20 November: 1744 Yarubid dynasty: Celebrates the date of the founding of the Al Bu Said dynasty, which has ruled Oman since 1744. [67] Pakistan: Independence ...
The most observed national holiday is Hari Merdeka (Independence Day) on 31 August, commemorating the independence of the Federation of Malaya in 1957. [176] Malaysia Day on 16 September commemorates federation in 1963. [340] Other notable national holidays are Labour Day (1 May) and the King's birthday (first week of June). [176]
Malaysia Day, held on 16 September, commemorates the formation of Malaysia through the union of Malaya, Singapore, Sabah, and Sarawak, although it is celebrated mainly in East Malaysia. [51] New Year's Day, Chinese New Year, and the start of the Islamic calendar are all public holidays. [25] Muslim holidays are highly prominent in Malaysia.