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Example of Native American peyote stitch from Oklahoma. The peyote stitch, also known as the gourd stitch, is an off-loom bead weaving technique. Peyote stitch may be worked with either an even or an odd number of beads per row. Both even and odd count peyote pieces can be woven as flat strips, in a flat round shape, or as a tube.
The technique has been used by Native Americans and in Africa, the Middle East and South America. Guatemalan examples use beads of size 22/0 and smaller. [1] This is an off-loom technique perfected by Native Americans. It is a relative of another off-loom technique called peyote stitch or gourd stitch. [2]
Elaborate Maya textiles featured representations of animals, plants, and figures from oral history. [10] In modern times, weaving serves as both an art form and a source of income. [11] Organizing into weaving collectives have helped Maya women earn better money for their work and greatly expand the reach of Maya textiles in the world.
With the arrival of Europeans, seed beads began to be used and traded however pre-contact traditionally styled beadwork was woven using items which included shells, seeds, and porcupine quills. With the violence of Europeans colonizing America, beading became a way for Native Americans to hold on to their cultural identity.
Native American beadwork, already established via the use of materials like shells, dendrite, claws, and bone, evolved to incorporate glass beads as Europeans brought them to the Americas beginning in the early 17th century. [20] [21] Native beadwork today heavily utilizes small glass beads, but artists also continue to use traditionally ...
Native beadwork continued to advance in the pre-Columbian era. Beads were made from hand-ground and filed turquoise, coral, and shell. Carved wood, animal bones, claws, and teeth were made into beads, which were then sewn onto clothing, or strung into necklaces. [6] [7] Turquoise is one of the dominant materials of Southwestern Native American ...
Wampum is a traditional shell bead of the Eastern Woodlands tribes of Native Americans. It includes white shell beads hand-fashioned from the North Atlantic channeled whelk shell and white and purple beads made from the quahog or Western North Atlantic hard-shelled clam. In New York, wampum beads have been discovered dating before 1510. [1]
A bandolier bag is a Native American shoulder pouch, often beaded. Early examples were made from pelts, twined fabrics, or hide, but beginning in the fur trade era, Native American women stitched bags of imported wool broadcloth, lined with cotton calico and often edged with silk ribbons.