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L-Ribose Fischer Projection. Ribose is a simple sugar and carbohydrate with molecular formula C 5 H 10 O 5 and the linear-form composition H−(C=O)−(CHOH) 4 −H. The naturally occurring form, d-ribose, is a component of the ribonucleotides from which RNA is built, and so this compound is necessary for coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes.
The molecular configuration of a molecule is the permanent geometry that results from the spatial arrangement of its bonds. [1] The ability of the same set of atoms to form two or more molecules with different configurations is stereoisomerism.
Chemical structure of an LNA monomer an additional bridge bonds the 2' oxygen and the 4' carbon of the pentose. A locked nucleic acid (LNA), also known as bridged nucleic acid (BNA), [1] and often referred to as inaccessible RNA, is a modified RNA nucleotide in which the ribose moiety is modified with an extra bridge connecting the 2' oxygen and 4' carbon.
Oxidation of (+)-isoserine (3) by nitrous acid gives (−)-glyceric acid, establishing that (+)-isoserine also has the same absolute configuration. [ 6 ] (+)-Isoserine can be converted by a two-stage process of bromination to (−)-3-bromo-2-hydroxy-propanoic acid ( 4 ) and zinc reduction to give (−)- lactic acid ( 5 ), therefore (−)-lactic ...
Its favored conformation is at low water concentrations. A-DNAs base pairs are tilted relative to the helix axis, and are displaced from the axis. The sugar pucker occurs at the C3'-endo and in RNA 2'-OH inhibits C2'-endo conformation. [13] Long considered little more than a laboratory artifice, A-DNA is now known to have several biological ...
Those that reach the inside of the endoplasmic reticulum are folded into the correct three-dimensional conformation. Chemicals, such as carbohydrates or sugars, are added, then the endoplasmic reticulum either transports the completed proteins, called secretory proteins, to areas of the cell where they are needed, or they are sent to the Golgi ...
Glucal in its preferred half-chair conformation. Glycals can be formed as pyranose (six-membered) or furanose (five-membered) rings, depending on the monosaccharide used as a starting material to synthesize the glycal. Glycals can also be classified as endo-glycals or exo-glycals. A glycal is an endo-glycal when the double bond is within the ring.
In organic chemistry, endo–exo isomerism is a special type of stereoisomerism found in organic compounds with a substituent on a bridged ring system. [1] The prefix endo is reserved for the isomer with the substituent located closest, or " syn ", to the longest bridge.