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Slightly larger than moles, voles are 5 to 8 inches long and resemble field mice with short tails, compact heavy bodies, small eyes, and partially hidden ears, says Smith.
Field voles breed prolifically, mainly in summer, but often all year round, even under snow. Females produce up to seven litters a year, each averaging from four to six young which are weaned after about fourteen days. The short-tailed field vole is both widespread and common and is listed as being of "Least Concern" by the IUCN.
Many predators eat voles, including martens, owls, hawks, falcons, coyotes, bobcats, [3] foxes, [4] raccoons, squirrels, snakes, weasels, domestic cats and lynxes. Vole bones are often found in the pellets of the short-eared owl, [5] the northern spotted owl, [6] the saw-whet owl, [7] the barn owl, the great gray owl, [8] and the northern pygmy ...
Eastern meadow voles are active year-round [8] [9] and day or night, with no clear 24-hour rhythm in many areas. [10] Most changes in activity are imposed by season, habitat, cover, temperature, and other factors. Eastern meadow voles have to eat frequently, and their active periods (every two to three hours) are associated with food digestion.
Groundhogs prefer to live near pastures, along the edges of woods, or under sheds or structures. Their main burrow entrance is 10 to 12-inch diameter hole with burrow systems that are 30 feet in ...
Because they feed on roots and tubers, voles do not need to drink water much. [3] Voles cache food, primarily during the winter. [5] Voles spend most of their time underground in their burrow systems and seldom venture into the surface. This makes them safe from hawks and owls. [4] Other predators of voles include snakes, weasels and mountain ...