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Surface runoff (also known as overland flow or terrestrial runoff) is the unconfined flow of water over the ground surface, in contrast to channel runoff (or stream flow). It occurs when excess rainwater , stormwater , meltwater , or other sources, can no longer sufficiently rapidly infiltrate in the soil .
Water near the surface of the hillside can cause the erosion of surface material due to water runoff. This process tends to weaken the slope by removing material and triggering excess pore pressures due to the water flow. For defense against erosion, several solutions may be used.
Silt fence installed up-slope of a vegetated stream buffer. A silt fence, sometimes (misleadingly) called a "filter fence," [1] is a temporary sediment control device used on construction sites to protect water quality in nearby streams, rivers, lakes and seas from sediment (loose soil) in stormwater runoff.
Erosion control is the practice of preventing or controlling wind or water erosion in agriculture, land development, coastal areas, river banks and construction. Effective erosion controls handle surface runoff and are important techniques in preventing water pollution , soil loss , wildlife habitat loss and human property loss.
Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is the process of collecting and storing rainwater rather than letting it run off. Rainwater harvesting systems are increasingly becoming an integral part of the sustainable rainwater management "toolkit" [5] and are widely used in homes, home-scale projects, schools and hospitals for a variety of purposes including watering gardens, livestock, [6] irrigation, home ...
The development would cause increased runoff, city officials noted at the time, which would ideally be maintained by the Los Angeles County Flood Control District. But one other factor was paramount.