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Adults are described as having four attachment styles: [13] Secure; Anxious preoccupied; Dismissive avoidant; Fearful avoidant; These attachment styles in adults correspond to the secure attachment style, the anxious-ambivalent attachment style, the anxious-avoidant attachment style, and the disorganized attachment style respectively in children.
Mary Dinsmore Ainsworth (née Salter; December 1, 1913 – March 21, 1999) [1] was an American-Canadian developmental psychologist known for her work in the development of the attachment theory. She designed the strange situation procedure to observe early emotional attachment between a child and their primary caregiver .
Adults with dismissive-avoidant patterns are less likely to seek social support than other attachment styles. [115] They are likely to fear intimacy and lack confidence in others. [ 116 ] [ 117 ] Because of their distrust they cannot be convinced that other people have the ability to deliver emotional support. [ 114 ]
Disorganized attachment, which was later added to Ainsworth’s original three styles by researchers Mary Main and Judith Solomon, is a category that envelops the “Strange Situation” children ...
Experts break down the different types of attachment styles: secure, avoidant, anxious and disorganized. Plus, how it affects relationships.
The strange situation is a procedure devised by Mary Ainsworth in the 1970s to observe attachment in children, that is relationships between a caregiver and child. It applies to children between the age of 9 to 30 months. Broadly speaking, the attachment styles were (1) secure and (2) insecure (ambivalent and avoidance).
John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth developed the attachment theory in the 1960s while investigating the effects of maternal separation on infant development. [4] The development of the Strange Situation task in 1965 by Ainsworth and Wittig allowed researchers to systematically investigate the attachment system operating between children and their parents. [5]
Most insecure attachment types develop during childhood, although it's possible that your experiences as an adult can impact your attachment style, explains Maggie Holland, MA, MHP, LMHC. People ...