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The Gambia: Its History, Ancient, Medieval and Modern Together With Its Geographical, Geological, And Ethnographical Conditions And A Description Of The Birds, Beasts, And Fishes Found Therein. London: John Murray. Thomas, Hugh (1997). The Slave Trade: The History of the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1440-1870. London: Picador. British Africa. (1899).
As an important historical site in the West African slave trade, it is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, together with related sites including a ruined Portuguese chapel and a colonial warehouse in Albreda, the Maurel Frères Building in Juffureh, and Fort Bullen and Six-Gun Battery, which are located at the mouth of the Gambia River. [1]
Jufureh was a part of the Kingdom of Niumi and by the 18th century the town had become an important centre of the Atlantic slave trade. [4] The Tall family of Jufureh traditionally held the position of falifo in the kingdom, and were responsible for collecting customs revenue from passing traders and adjudicating disputes. [5]
Revenues were declining in tandem with the Atlantic slave trade, however, with 'legitimate' trade failing to fill the gap. To make matters worse for the Niuminka rulers, in 1816 the British founded Bathurst on the opposite bank of the Gambia and began actively suppressing the slave trade. [9]
The Gambia shares historical roots with many other West African nations in the slave trade, which was the key factor in the placing and keeping of a colony on the Gambia River, first by the Portuguese and later by the British. On 18 February 1965, the Gambia gained independence from the United Kingdom and joined the Commonwealth of Nations.
Albreda is a historic settlement in the Gambia on the north bank of the Gambia River, variously described as a 'trading post' or a 'slave fort'. It is located near Jufureh in the North Bank Division and an arch stands on the beach connecting the two places. As of 2008, it has an estimated population of 1,776.
Fenda Lawrence lived in pre-colonial Gambia near the Gambia river during the mid-18th century. While there, she acted as a go-between for the British and French traders and the local Africans. This was a position afforded to her by marriage to an Englishman. Lawrence worked out of the Saloum town of Kaur. [2]
While slavery is illegal in contemporary African societies, it was common in the history of Wolof people and among the elite castes. [49] The slaves could not marry without the permission of their owner, and it was usually the responsibility of the slave owner to arrange the marriage of or among his slaves.