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The Shanghai French Concession [a] was a foreign concession in Shanghai, China from 1849 until 1943, which progressively expanded in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The concession came to an end in 1943, when Vichy France under German pressure signed it over to the pro- Japanese Reorganized National Government of China in Nanjing .
Shanghai tram, 1920s. On 11 July 1854 a committee of Western businessmen met and held the first annual meeting of the Shanghai Municipal Council (SMC, formally the Council for the Foreign Settlement North of the Yang-king-pang), ignoring protests of consular officials, and laid down the Land Regulations which established the principles of self-government.
Including the 2,525 acres of French Concession, the total area was eventually to reach 12.66 square miles. [ 10 ] Additional foreign concessions were set up in other treaty ports especially following the 1858 and 1860 Anglo-Chinese treaties, and from the mid-1890s to 1902, following the Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901).
The French concession in Shanghai was established on 6 April 1849 (it had been a Treaty Port since 17 November 1843). On 17 July 1854 a Municipal Council established. The concession was relinquished by Vichy France to a Japan-sponsored puppet government in China, and was formally returned to China by France in 1946.
Middle Huaihai Road was built in 1901 as Rue Sikiang (Chinese: 西江路), after the Xi River.The eastern portion of the road east of Chungking Road (now Chongqing Road) was built first in the expanded French Concession, while the western portion was an extra-settlement road built as an extension to the initial Rue Sikiang.
Hengshan Road. Hengshan Road (Chinese: 衡山路; pinyin: Héngshān Lù), formerly Avenue Pétain, is a street in the former French Concession of Shanghai, China.A major thoroughfare that connected the heart of the French Concession with the Catholic district of Zikawei (), the boulevard was for much of the 20th century the centre of Shanghai's premier residential district.
The congress began in a shikumen building of the French Concession area of Shanghai (near present-day Xintiandi in Huangpu District). In early June 1921, Dutch national Henk Sneevliet, also known as Ma Lin, a representative of Comintern, arrived in Shanghai, and urged various Communist cells in the country to get together for a national-level ...
The Shanghai International Settlement and the French Concession were subsequently established. The city then flourished, becoming a primary commercial and financial hub of Asia in the 1930s. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the city was the site of the major Battle of Shanghai.