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4′33″ [a] is a modernist composition [b] by American experimental composer John Cage.It was composed in 1952 for any instrument or combination of instruments; the score instructs performers not to play their instruments throughout the three movements.
As early as in 1952, John Cage had started to address both the perception of emptiness and the random quality of what happens in a prescribed space in his piece 4:33, which consisted entirely of silence. Forty years later, having spoken about silence musically, Cage now wished to treat it visually – through a film about light itself.
The reaction to 4′33″ was just a part of the larger picture: on the whole, it was the adoption of chance procedures that had disastrous consequences for Cage's reputation. The press, which used to react favorably to earlier percussion and prepared piano music, ignored his new works, and many valuable friendships and connections were lost.
Pages in category "Compositions by John Cage" The following 40 pages are in this category, out of 40 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ... 4′33″ 27 ...
John Cage Complete Works, hosted and developed by the John Cage Trust; Rob Haskins: Program and Liner Notes, includes a number of essays on Number Pieces in general, One 4, One 9, Two 2, Two 3, Two 4, Four, Four 4, Twenty-Nine and 108. James Pritchett: Liner Notes: One 8 for cello and curved bow
Catalogue at the John Cage Compendium, compiled by Paul van Emmerik, alphabetical; John Cage Chronological Catalog of Music compiled by Larry Solomon, includes an alphabetic list as well; details on individual compositions (some minor errors and omissions) Unrecorded John Cage Works with details on events and a list of lost works
In honor of Nicolas Cage’s latest, “Dream Scenario,” we revisit the actor’s five favorite Nicolas Cage films to understand the enigmatic actor and reappraise his magnetic talent.
Cage's early radical phase reached its height that summer of 1952, when he unveiled the first art "happening" at Black Mountain College, and 4'33", the so-called controversial "silent piece". The premiere of 4'33" was performed by David Tudor. The audience saw him sit at the piano, and close the lid of the piano.