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These types of defects occur when the welding procedures are not adhered to; possible causes include the current setting, arc length, electrode angle, and electrode manipulation. [23] Defects can be varied and classified as critical or noncritical.
In welding, undercutting is when the weld reduces the cross-sectional thickness of the base metal. This type of defect reduces the strength of the weld and workpieces. One reason for this defect is excessive current, causing the edges of the joint to melt and drain into the weld; this leaves a drain-like impression along the length of the weld.
There are defects that can occur during welded that can weaken the joint or cause stress concentrations. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] Voids can occur during processes such as induction, ultrasonic, and resistance welding, so visual inspection is important to ensuring a quality joint, while developing weld procedures, and for using parts for service.
800 A-scans were used to create a 2D image and 1000 images were put together to make the final 3D image. By looking at the border region between the perfect and imperfect weld, they were able to evaluate the effectiveness of OCT in finding weld defects. Air bubbles were visually apparent in the imperfectly welded region.
Engineering Critical Assessment (ECA) is a procedure by which the safety of a welded structure with defects or flaws can be determined. ECAs utilize the material properties and expected stress history to determine a flaw acceptance criteria which will ensure that welds will not fail during the construction or service life of the welded structure. [1]
Arc blow tends to occur if the material being welded has residual magnetism at a certain level, particularly when the weld root is being made, and the welding current is direct current (DC positive or negative). Magnetic arc blow is popularly attributed to a change in the direction of current as it flows into and through the workpiece.
Ford Motor Co. is recalling 272,827 Broncos and Mavericks due to a power problem that can cause vehicles to stop unexpectedly or fail to start. Information from the National Highway and ...
Amongst these, tunneling defect is the most common defect in DFSW resulting from improper material flows throughout welding. It is mainly attributed to inappropriate selection of welding parameters particularly welding speed, rotational speed, tool design and tool penetration leading to either abnormal stirring or insufficient heat input. [18]